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Abakuá
Abakuá is an Afro-Cuban men's initiatory fraternity, or secret society, which originated from fraternal associations in the Cross River region of southeastern Nigeria and southwestern Cameroon. Known generally as Ekpe, Egbo, Ngbe, or Ugbe among the multi-lingual groups in the region. It was believed that ''Ñáñigos, as'' the members are known, could be transformed into leopards to stalk their enemies. In contemporary Haiti, where secret societies have remained strong, an elite branch of the army that was set up to instill fear in the restless masses was named The Leopards. Among the less mystical ''Ñáñigo re''venges was the ability to turn people over to slavers. In Africa they were notorious operators who had made regular deals for profit with slavers.
Abakuá has been described as "an Afro-Cuban version of Freemasonry."
==Origin==
The creolized Cuban term ''Abakuá'' is thought to refer to the Abakpa area in southeast Nigeria, where the society was active. The first such societies were established by Africans in the town of Regla, Havana, in 1836.〔Miller, Ivor. “A Secret Society Goes Public: The Relationship Between ''Abakua'' and Cuban Popular Culture.” ''African Studies Review ''43.1 (2000): 161.〕 This remains the main area of Abakuá implantation, especially the district of Guanabacoa in eastern Havana, and in Matanzas where Afro-Cuban culture is vibrant.
Abakuá members derive their belief systems and traditional practices from the Igbo, Efik, Efut, and Ibibio spirits that lived in the forest. Ekpe and synonymous terms were names of both a forest spirit and a leopard related secret society.〔()〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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